What is massage?

Effects of massage called mechanical stimuli to the body's tissues, while maintaining passive masowanego. Therapeutic massage, we call this way of performing massage that will improve the patient's mental and physical fitness. It is used in the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of diseases, orthopedics, neurology, gynecology, pediatrics and internal medicine.

History of massage

Massage is one of the oldest areas of medical knowledge. It comes from India and China, where he fell within the scope of religious ritual. As early as 3000 BC has been in the work of Chinese Kung-Fu mention of treatment using massage.

In the sacred priests of medicine advocated its use, as well as mineral water, while meeting the rites that were part of religious worship and at the same time be important therapeutic.
Only Hindus in his book of wisdom Veda originating from 1800 BC, give precise instructions masażu.W exercise period the priests of sacred medicine advocated its use, as well as mineral water, while meeting the rites that were part of religious worship and also have therapeutic significance.

Only Hindus in his book of wisdom Veda originating from 1800 BC, give precise instructions perform the massage. With time, massage was out of religious ritual, and although the came within the scope of treatment, the medicine has not officially addressed it. Only written communications from króciutkich know that doctors are recommending massage certain diseases, as evidenced by the mention in the writings of Hippocrates, Celsus and Galen.

In Greece, the massage was particularly important for athletes participating in the Olympics. It was not a massage in today's sense, but rather the fat from the body by anointing with oil before the competition. Anointing and rubbing in the world were the first treatments, which developed many years later called classic massage.

In the historical chronicles of the Roman Empire is a note that Julius Caesar, who suffers from sciatica, was treated with massage using stroking, pinching and kneading. Hence the conclusion that as the Greeks and Romans understood the value of massage and used it as a medical treatment, sports and beauty.

In some Slavic countries, and we know for sure that in Poland until the mid-fourteenth century, there was even a steam baths, the baths in which people were subjected to klepaniu rods in order to improve tissue perfusion.

The Middle Ages was a period of halting the development of science and therapeutics. It can be assumed that during this massage was also neglected.

A massage in the whole sense of the word can speak only in the sixteenth century has been revived in France by a distinguished surgeon and physician Ambrose Pare (1517-1590). He is also the creator of massage using compression. Few noticed that the stroking of sore after the operation not only brings relief from suffering, but also causes changes in the skin and rubbing the affected muscles. For the first time in the history of medicine, the doctor wrote down his observation, and began to use massage as an official, medical treatment. Therefore, in the history of medicine speaks of Ambrose Pare wskrzesicielu as a massage, because he not only restored the first use of massage, but also conducted research into the physiology.

In the history of massage has also played a significant role in English philosopher Werulamski Bacon (1561-1626), which was based on the principle of massage then entering into force of Mechano next step forward in the history of the development of massage are studies of Friedrich Hoffmann (1606-1672), one of the finest contemporary practitioners. He was one of the few if physicians, who were strong supporters of natural healing methods.

True but the development of therapeutic massage was only at the beginning of the nineteenth century by Swedish doctors. They have developed a method for therapeutic and hygienic popularly known as the "Swedish gymnastics", which was also part of the massage. After the first physicians came from the pen of developed system of massage in various diseases and prevention. The greatest merit lay Per Henrik Ling (1776-1839), Swedish physician, founder of the Central Institute of Gymnastics in Stockholm. Around this same time in France, Martin de Lyon doctor cured himself of the persistent lumbago through massage.

Massage school has created a classic Dutch doctor Johann Mezger of Amsterdam (1839-1909), believed to be the author of "scientific massage." For the first time has been developed in a separate work of the whole system of massage methods, indications and contraindications based on their own experience and research of the author and niebogatą literature.

From the time Mezger massage dates back to the application of the first surgical clinics and other clinical departments, including the aural and ophthalmic. Particularly good results are achieved Mezger and his students in the massage treatment of diseases of the joints.

Mezger For students should also include a Pole, a professor at the University of Berlin - Zabludowski Isidore, who is the creator of the original method of massage. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries enjoyed a reputation Zabludowski almost European countries and many doctors came to him to get acquainted with his method, which is still used for example in the former Czechoslovakia. His fame was fully justified. In recognition of his services was entrusted with the management of the University Institute of Therapeutic Massage in Berlin. It should be emphasized that the global massage for the first time because of them gained such importance and has been equated with other disciplines of medical knowledge at the university level. Zabludowski left a great scientific achievements, including numerous works on massage advertised in three languages: Polish, German and Russian.

In the late nineteenth century took place on the European Congress of Surgeons. Part of the congress was devoted to issues of massage in therapy and prophylaxis. In some publications can be found the opinion that the deliberations of the Congress published in the specialist press contributed largely to the prevalence of not only the methods of massage, but also for their popularization. There are many massage therapists because the "miracle-workers" who had no professional preparation for the application of this method of treatment and prevention. This has contributed in some measure to zdeprecjonowania therapeutic value of massage. Despite this, both before World War I and in the interwar period, not abandoned this method of treatment. You can cite the names of doctors who conducted research on the use of massage. However, the level of these studies did not attain rozmachowi studies carried out by Mezger and Zabludowski. Massage has never been so popular treatment method, as in the days Mezger and his disciples. One of the students was a Swedish physician Mezger Zander, who attempted to replace the manual mixing of special cameras. They are spread all over the world at the moment, but further experiments showed that - although can be used in some cases - do not replace hand massage.

Polish literature in the late nineteenth century, enriched by several valuable items, such as: J. Grabowski, I. Strabowskiego, J. Zawadzki.
Between the massage was quite a popular method of treatment, especially in factories and offices physiotherapy. Many doctors are not only urged this method of treatment, but on the basis of its own practice and observation, and it worked out doskonaliło its modifications. For meritorious in this field include: M. Kosinski and J. Zaorski, who left the poor enriches the academic achievements of Polish literature in this field.

The development of chemistry and pharmacy przygłuszył the importance of natural healing methods. For the past several decades watched a reversal of medicine from the spa treatment, from gymnastics and massage. Only in modern times, it is noted the great renaissance of natural healing methods, and among others, and massage. Carried out research on the effects of massage, massage therapists are trained, especially the blind, almost all European countries.

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